etcd资源类型

1. ETCD资源类型

There are three types of resources in etcd

  • permission resources: users and roles in the user store
  • key-value resources: key-value pairs in the key-value store
  • settings resources: security settings, auth settings, and dynamic etcd cluster settings (election/heartbeat)

2. 权限资源

Users:user用来设置身份认证(user:passwd),一个用户可以拥有多个角色,每个角色被分配一定的权限(只读、只写、可读写),用户分为root用户和非root用户。

Roles:角色用来关联权限,角色主要三类:root角色。默认创建root用户时即创建了root角色,该角色拥有所有权限;guest角色,默认自动创建,主要用于非认证使用。普通角色,由root用户创建角色,并分配指定权限。

注意:如果没有指定任何验证方式,即没显示指定以什么用户进行访问,那么默认会设定为 guest 角色。默认情况下 guest 也是具有全局访问权限的。如果不希望未授权就获取或修改etcd的数据,则可收回guest角色的权限或删除该角色,etcdctl role revoke 。

Permissions:权限分为只读、只写、可读写三种权限,权限即对指定目录或key的读写权限。

3. ETCD访问控制

3.1. 访问控制相关命令

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NAME:
etcdctl - A simple command line client for etcd.
USAGE:
etcdctl [global options] command [command options] [arguments...]
VERSION:
2.2.0
COMMANDS:
user user add, grant and revoke subcommands
role role add, grant and revoke subcommands
auth overall auth controls
GLOBAL OPTIONS:
--peers, -C a comma-delimited list of machine addresses in the cluster (default: "http://127.0.0.1:4001,http://127.0.0.1:2379")
--endpoint a comma-delimited list of machine addresses in the cluster (default: "http://127.0.0.1:4001,http://127.0.0.1:2379")
--cert-file identify HTTPS client using this SSL certificate file
--key-file identify HTTPS client using this SSL key file
--ca-file verify certificates of HTTPS-enabled servers using this CA bundle
--username, -u provide username[:password] and prompt if password is not supplied.
--timeout '1s' connection timeout per request

3.2. user相关命令

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[root@localhost etcd]# etcdctl user --help
NAME:
etcdctl user - user add, grant and revoke subcommands
USAGE:
etcdctl user command [command options] [arguments...]
COMMANDS:
add add a new user for the etcd cluster
get get details for a user
list list all current users
remove remove a user for the etcd cluster
grant grant roles to an etcd user
revoke revoke roles for an etcd user
passwd change password for a user
help, h Shows a list of commands or help for one command

OPTIONS:
--help, -h show help

3.2.1. 添加root用户并设置密码

etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 user add root

3.2.2. 添加非root用户并设置密码

etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 –username root:123 user add huwh

3.2.3. 查看当前所有用户

etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 –username root:123 user list

3.2.4. 将用户添加到对应角色

etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 –username root:123 user grant –roles test1 phpor

3.2.5. 查看用户拥有哪些角色

etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 –username root:123 user get phpor

3.3. role相关命令

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[root@localhost etcd]# etcdctl role --help
NAME:
etcdctl role - role add, grant and revoke subcommands
USAGE:
etcdctl role command [command options] [arguments...]
COMMANDS:
add add a new role for the etcd cluster
get get details for a role
list list all roles
remove remove a role from the etcd cluster
grant grant path matches to an etcd role
revoke revoke path matches for an etcd role
help, h Shows a list of commands or help for one command

OPTIONS:
--help, -h show help

3.3.1. 添加角色

etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 –username root:2379 role add test1

3.3.2. 查看所有角色

etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 –username root:123 role list

3.3.3. 给角色分配权限

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[root@localhost etcd]# etcdctl role grant --help
NAME:
grant - grant path matches to an etcd role
USAGE:
command grant [command options] [arguments...]
OPTIONS:
--path Path granted for the role to access
--read Grant read-only access
--write Grant write-only access
--readwrite Grant read-write access

1、只包含目录
etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 –username root:123 role grant –readwrite –path /test1 test1

2、包括目录和子目录或文件
etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 –username root:123 role grant –readwrite –path /test1/* test1

3.3.4. 查看角色所拥有的权限

etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 –username root:2379 role get test1

3.4. auth相关操作

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[root@localhost etcd]# etcdctl auth --help
NAME:
etcdctl auth - overall auth controls
USAGE:
etcdctl auth command [command options] [arguments...]
COMMANDS:
enable enable auth access controls
disable disable auth access controls
help, h Shows a list of commands or help for one command

OPTIONS:
--help, -h show help

3.4.1. 开启认证

etcdctl –endpoints http://172.16.22.36:2379 auth enable

4. 访问控制设置步骤

顺序 步骤 命令
1 添加root用户 etcdctl –endpoints http://: user add root
2 开启认证 etcdctl –endpoints http://: auth enable
3 添加非root用户 etcdctl –endpoints http://: –username root: user add
4 添加角色 etcdctl –endpoints http://: –username root: role add
5 给角色授权(只读、只写、可读写) etcdctl –endpoints http://: –username root: role grant –readwrite –path
6 给用户分配角色(即分配了角色对应的权限) etcdctl –endpoints http://: –username root: user grant –roles

5. 访问认证的API调用

更多参考